"bruth" meaning in Old Irish

See bruth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbɾuθ/
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-. Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*bʰrewh₁-}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*brutus|t=fermentation, boiling heat}} Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), {{inh|sga|ine-pro|*bʰrewh₁-}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- Head templates: {{head|sga|noun||||{{{2}}}||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|altform=|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} bruth m, {{sga-noun|m}} bruth m Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-u|broth}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=bruth+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=brothu|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=bruth+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=u-m|dat_du=brothaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=brothaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=bruth+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=brotho|gen_du2=brotha|gen_du3=|gen_du4=|gen_pl=brothae+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=brotho+H|gen_sg2=brotha+H|gen_sg3=|gen_sg4=|n=|nom_du=bruth+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=brothae|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_pl4=|nom_sg=bruth|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=bruth+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=brothu|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=bruth|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bruth [nominative, singular], bruth [dual, nominative], brothae [nominative, plural], bruth [singular, vocative], bruth [dual, vocative], brothu [plural, vocative], bruth [accusative, singular], bruth [accusative, dual], brothu [accusative, plural], brotho [genitive, singular], brotha [genitive, singular], brotho [dual, genitive], brotha [dual, genitive], brothae [genitive, plural], bruth [dative, singular], brothaib [dative, dual], brothaib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], bruth [mutation, mutation-radical], bruth [lenition, mutation], mbruth [error-unrecognized-form, mutation]
  1. raging, violent or boiling heat Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-bruth-sga-noun-11371YM2
  2. blaze, (fiery) glow Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-bruth-sga-noun-sT50aSEh
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "bruth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*brutus",
        "t": "fermentation, boiling heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Masculine u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mbruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bruth m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "bruth m",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "broth"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "bruth+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "brothu",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "bruth+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "u-m",
        "dat_du": "brothaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "brothaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "bruth+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "brotho",
        "gen_du2": "brotha",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_du4": "",
        "gen_pl": "brothae+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "brotho+H",
        "gen_sg2": "brotha+H",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "gen_sg4": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "bruth+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "brothae",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_pl4": "",
        "nom_sg": "bruth",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "bruth+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "brothu",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "bruth",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raging, violent or boiling heat"
      ],
      "id": "en-bruth-sga-noun-11371YM2",
      "links": [
        [
          "raging",
          "raging"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "boiling",
          "boiling"
        ],
        [
          "heat",
          "heat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "blaze, (fiery) glow"
      ],
      "id": "en-bruth-sga-noun-sT50aSEh",
      "links": [
        [
          "blaze",
          "blaze"
        ],
        [
          "glow",
          "glow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɾuθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bruth"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish masculine nouns",
    "Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "bruth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*brutus",
        "t": "fermentation, boiling heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-u",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Masculine u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mbruth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bruth m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "bruth m",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "broth"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-u"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "bruth+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "brothu",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "bruth+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "u-m",
        "dat_du": "brothaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "brothaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "bruth+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "brotho",
        "gen_du2": "brotha",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_du4": "",
        "gen_pl": "brothae+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "brotho+H",
        "gen_sg2": "brotha+H",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "gen_sg4": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "bruth+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "brothae",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_pl4": "",
        "nom_sg": "bruth",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "bruth+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "brothu",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "bruth",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raging, violent or boiling heat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "raging",
          "raging"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "boiling",
          "boiling"
        ],
        [
          "heat",
          "heat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "blaze, (fiery) glow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blaze",
          "blaze"
        ],
        [
          "glow",
          "glow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɾuθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bruth"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bruth meaning in Old Irish (4.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "bruth"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "bruth",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.